Assessment of Feed Resource Availability and Quality in Kedida Gamela District, Southern Ethiopia

Assessment of Feed Resource Availability and Quality in Kedida Gamela District, Southern Ethiopia



Mengistu Lemma, Tegene Negesse, Ajebu Nurfeta



Availability of major livestock feed resources, their
chemical composition and balance between available feed resources and
requirements of existing tropical livestock units (TLU) in Kedida Gamela
district (Southern Ethiopia) were assessed. A survey was conducted on
100 sample households (HH) and data collected using group discussions,
structured questionnaire and personal observations. Furthermore,
chemical composition and in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility (IVDMD)
of major feed resources identified (natural pasture and crop residues)
were also determined. A total of 28,675 tonnes of DM were produced
annually for a total of 40,080 TLU which satisfies only 31.4% of their
maintenance requirement. Maize stover and wheat straw contain lowest ash
and from agro-industrial by-products noug cake and wheat bran the
highest ash content. The highest (p<0.05) crude protein (CP) content
among roughages was recorded from natural pasture and the lowest from
maize stover, but the rest of feed resources come in between, with no
significant differences among them. The highest neutral detergent fiber
and acid detergent fiber contents for roughage feeds recorded were from
teff straw and maize stover, while no differences were noted
(P>0.05) between the agro-industrial by-products. The highest acid
detergent lignin content for roughage feed was recorded from maize
stover to natural pasture and the highest from agro-industrial
by-products was recorded from wheat bran to noug cake. Differences in
IVDMD for major feed resources were not significant (P>0.05). The
differences in nutrient composition and IVDMD of the feed resources in
midland and highland followed similar trend, although there were slight
differences in nutrient content and IVDMD of similar feedstuffs from the
two altitudinal zones. In conclusion, the main feed resource is crop
residues which are of low quality with high fiber content, low
digestibility which may result in reduced livestock productivity and
disease resistance. Chopping followed by soaking or ammonaition or urea
treatment could be suggested to improve quality of the roughages. 



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