Mycoflora associated with cocoa (Theobroma cacao) pods in Cameroon and antifungal effect of plant extracts

Mycoflora associated with cocoa (Theobroma cacao) pods in Cameroon and antifungal effect of plant extracts



Yaouba Aoudou, Ze Medjap Abel Second



Mycoflora associated with the pod rot disease of cocoa (Theobroma cacao)
and evaluation of the in vitro efficacy of aqueous and ethanolic
extracts of A. conyzoïdes and Chromolaena odorata against the pathogenic
fungi, C. gloeosporioides and B. theobromae, isolated from cocoa pods
were investigated. After isolation, the fungal species were exposed to
various concentrations (5 ; 10 ; 15 ; 20 mg/ml) of aqueous, and
ethanolic (1.25 ; 2.5 ; 5 ; 10 mg/ml) extracts. Results obtained showed
some variations in isolation frequency of fungi from cocoa pods of each
locality. Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Botryodiplodia, Trichoderma and
Verticillium were the most common genera that colonized the cocoa pods
from Akonolinga and Tonga with different incidences. Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides was present (48.84%) in pods collected in Tonga and in
those from Akonolinga (41.46%), followed by Botryodiplodia theobromae
which was present on 20.93% and 29.27% respectively. All the used
concentrations of extracts of both plants significantly reduced the
growth of the fungal pathogens. For ethanolic extracts, Ageratum
conyzoïdes completely (100%) inhibited the growth of both fungi at 10
mg/ml and for Chromolaena odorata, total (100%) inhibition was observed
on B. theobromae at 5 mg/ml while C. gloeosporioides was completely
inhibited at 10 mg/ml. In the case of aqueous extracts, Chromolaena
odorata, completely (100%) inhibited the growth of B. theobromae and C.
gloeosporioides at 20 mg/ml. Similarly, Ageratum conyzoïdes completely
suppressed the growth of B. theobromae at 20 mg/ml, however, this dose
was obtained as an inhibition of 78% of C. gloeosporioides. Further
investigation of the isolation of active antifungal compound should be
done. 



10.22161/ijeab/2.1.15





http://ijeab.com/upload_document/issue_files/15%20IJEAB-JAN-2017-8-Mycoflora%20associated%20with%20cocoa%20(Theobroma%20cacao)%20pods%20in%20Cameroon%20and%20antifungal%20effect%20of%20plant%20extracts.pdf



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