Impact on Income Farmer Debt Bondage System Cengkeh (Case Study in Liwutung Village Pasan District Southeast Minahasa Regency)

Impact on Income Farmer Debt Bondage System Cengkeh (Case Study in Liwutung Village Pasan District Southeast Minahasa Regency)



Nelson H. Kario



Until recently known as the clove plantation crop that
can provide the greatest revenue among plants cultivated population in
Southeast Minahasa Regency. Although the level of selling price per kilo
of dry high compared to most other plantation crops among the results,
but the reality in practice is still a lot of farmers who still fall
into the practice of debt bondage system that is very detrimental to
farmers. The purpose of this research is: (a). Knowing the dynamics of
debt bondage system applicable at the farm level. (2). Assessing the
value of the losses suffered by farmers with their debt bondage system.
Research was conducted during 3 months from July to September 2015. The
location is determined purposive sampling with consideration as
production centers. Respondents were selected by 20 farmers. Data
collected included primary and secondary data. The data type for the
primary data are: recording made by every owner of the garden at the
time of measurement of the crop in the form of a notebook crops and
types of other expenses such as shopping lists staple for the harvest
progresses, wages harvest, pre-harvest such as ladders, rope as media
binder stairs and media container yields while secondary data obtained
from the department or the relevant authorities are technically fully
understand the business development of the crop. The data were analyzed
descriptively. The results showed that the source of bonded labor system
is productive cycle, farmers' lack of funds to finance farming,
relatively high maintenance costs as well as costs of urgency needs of
school children especially in the beginning of the new school / college
or religious holidays. The amount of bonded labor is determined by the
length of time the next harvest or the condition indicator ovary. Great
value losses experienced by farmers is Rp. 8,122,056.25 per harvest
period. 



10.22161/ijeab/2.2.24



http://ijeab.com/upload_document/issue_files/24%20IJEAB-MAR-2017-19-Impact%20on%20Income%20Farmer%20Debt%20Bondage%20System.pdf



http://ijeab.com/submit-paper/

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

The Ecological Impacts of Light Pollution at Night-time a Mechanistic Appraisal

The Ecological Impacts of Light Pollution at Night-time a Mechanistic Appraisal Abdullahi MG, Roslan U, Kamarudin M. K. A. Artificial light at night and its negative consequences are of great interest in the fields of Ecology, Human Geography Astronomy, and Human Health. Most of the studies to date concentrated on the influences of light pollution has on our ability to view the night sky, on biodiversity, and ecosystems. Though, in recent years, with the use of new technologies sensors, which provide accurate information for determining of night lights at the area, most consideration were given for estimating artificial light at night within the urban areas. In this study, urban night lights within the cities of Nigeria was evaluated by monitoring data from the ground measurements using Sky Quality Meter (SQM-LU-DL) devices. Besides, the SQM was used at the zenith (upward direction) for maximum evaluating of artificial light at the sites. Differences in night sky bri...
Read more

Studying the tendency of citizens to participate in the protection and development of land scape in Tehran

Studying the tendency of citizens to participate in the protection and development of land scape in Tehran Shadi Maleki, Abbas Mafi, Seyedeh Mahsa Hosseini Today, as an essential part and parcel of urban landscape that they play a major role in metabolism and create a lack of serious damage to urban life. This study performed to investigate the willingness of citizens to participate in activities to protect and develop landscapeof Tehran district 4. The research was descriptive and correlation method that is used for collecting information. The statistical population consisted of district 4 of Tehran. The sample size was determined 230 by using Cochrane method. A questionnaire was used to collect data. According to the research, 63.04 percent of citizens showed participation in a high level. Among the variables investigated how citizen participation in conservation and development of landscape, effective strategies to motivate citizens to participate,the reasons for la...
Read more

Land Use Land Cover Change Detection by Using Remote Sensing Data in Akaki River Basin

Land Use Land Cover Change Detection by Using Remote Sensing Data in Akaki River Basin Adimasu Woldesenbet Worako   Land use land cover change (LULCC) is the result of the long time process of natural and anthropogenic activities that has been practiced on the land. GIS and remote sensing are the best tools that support to generate the relevant land use/cover change in the basin. This study was conducted in the Akaki River basin to detect land use land cover changes within the 30 years period (1985-2015) by using landsat imagery data acquired from the GCF. Supervised maximum likelihood algorithm classification were deployed to classify land use/cover into four prominent land use groups and data’s were processed by using ERDAS imagine 2014 and ArcGIS10.1 software. In the basin dominant LULC was agricultural land use which accounts around 56.28% and the second largest is built-up area by 31.51% and the rest, forest(11.9%) and water body(0.31%) coverage were takes t...
Read more