Biosynthesis and Degradation of Carotenoids in Ornamental Crops with specific reference to Chrysanthemum

Biosynthesis and Degradation of Carotenoids in Ornamental Crops with specific reference to Chrysanthemum



Ambreena Din, Muneeb A. Wani, Sajid A. Malik , Shameen Iqbal , Imtiyaz T. Nazki, Farheen Naqash, Misba Majeed, Sumaira Shafi



Carotenoids are lipophilic secondary metabolites derived from the
isoprenoid pathway, accumulated in most plant organs and widely used as
an antioxidant. Carotenoids synthesized in chloroplasts are essential
for protecting tissues against photo-oxidative damage in the green
tissues of higher plants. The importance of carotenoids for plant
growth and development is evident since at least two major
phytohormones, strigolactones and abscisic acid, are derived from
carotenoid precursors. In flowers, carotenoids synthesized in the
chromoplasts provide colour to the petals, ranging from yellow to red,
in order to attract pollinators and determines the commercial value of
ornamental plants. On analysis in chrysanthemum, β, ɛ-carotenoids,
lutein and its derivatives, reflecting the high expression levels of
lycopene ɛ-cyclase (LCYE) were found in yellow petals compared to the
ratio of β, β-carotenoids to total carotenoids found in leaves
reflecting the high expression levels of lycopene β-cyclase (LCYB).
Petals of the yellow-flowered cultivar Yellow Paragon showed increased
accumulation and drastic componential changes of carotenoids as they
mature, compared to petals of the white-flowered cultivar Paragon that
showed drastically decreased carotenoid content during petal
development.The white petals of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium
Ramat.) contain a factor that inhibits the accumulation of carotenoids.
All the white-flowered chrysanthemum cultivars tested showed high levels
of CmCCD4a transcript in their petals, whereas most of the yellow
flowered cultivars showed extremely low levels indicating that in white
petals of chrysanthemums, carotenoids are synthesized but subsequently
degraded into colourless compounds, which results in the white colour.
Studying the regulatory mechanisms underlying carotenoid accumulation in
ornamental plants at the molecular level will help in producing novel
coloured cultivars by plant transformation. 



10.22161/ijeab/2.2.28



http://ijeab.com/upload_document/issue_files/28%20IJEAB-MAR-2017-31-Biosynthesis%20and%20Degradation%20of%20Carotenoids%20in%20Ornamental%20Crops.pdf



http://ijeab.com/submit-paper/

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